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Great Britain



Surface: 243.307 square kilometre

Total population: 60.094.648 (2003)

Population density: 247 pro square kilometre

Capital: London

Inhabitant: 7.417.700 (2003)


Geography

Great Britain consists of two geological formations: High and low country. The hilly regions in Scotland, Northern Ireland, North England and north Wales form the high country. Beautiful seas and hochmoore in the northwest of England form the Lake District. The low country consists of sand and limestone hills, elongated valleys and expanded river valleys (e.g. the wash-out at the east coast). In the southeast the hills of the North and South Downs up to the white cliffs of Dover pull themselves. At the northwest coast of Scotland sea bays cut deeply into the country. The Scottish east coast consists of unaffected sand beaches and schroffen steilkuesten. South the coast continues to be characterised by rock, slate, dunes and sand beaches. In the counties East Anglias gives it expanded sumpfgebiete, which were partly drying-put.


System of Government

Parliamentary monarchy(in the Commonwealth) since 1921. Great Britain is a hereditary monarchy, the monarch has only representative tasks. There is no written condition, however laws, which have a condition character. The parliament consists of two chambers, the House of Commons (House OF Commons) and the upper house (House OF lord),the judge, archbishops, bishops, hereditary lords and appointed lords belongs (1200 members). The 659 delegates (of it 17 from Northern Ireland) of the House of Commons are selected on maximally five years (majority votes system). The prime minister, who manages the cabinet, is at the same time party chairman of the strongest parliamentary group.

Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II., since 1952, 1953 crowned.

Head of the government: Prime minister Tony Blair (labour party), since 1997.

Great Britain is European Union member.


Language

The language is English. In Wales partly also Walisish is spoken (Cymric), in parts of Scotland and Northern Ireland Gaelish (Gaelic), and on the channel islands isolates French dialects. The numerous ethnical minorities maintain their own languages and dialects, among other things. Hindi, Urdu, Turkish, Greek, Cantonese and Mandarin.


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